Types inside a function in Python. Why some gets updated but not others? -


this question has answer here:

why calling several times in row following function:

a = []  def test(a,b):     if b > 0:         a.append(1)         return

with test(a,4), enlarges list each time, calling several times in row function:

a = 0  def test(a,b):     if b > 0:         += 1         return

with test(a,4) returns 1 every single time instead of 1, 2, 3, etc.?

it looks lists updated function , retain updated value after function finished execute, while behavior doesn't hold integers (and guess floats , several other types).

integers immutable; lists mutable. a += 1 changes value of a reassigning value refers to. a.append(1) adds value 1 list a refers to, without changing reference itself.

in test function, a if reference within function's scope; not same reference a in global scope. however, when passing mutable object, reference remains same; allowing object modified without need reassign variable. in function

def test(a, b):     if b > 0:         += 1         return

the value of a modified relative test. reassign value globally, need perform action in global scope (or use global keyword). so, instead of test(a, 4), use a = test(a, 4) reassign value of a.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

angular - Ionic slides - dynamically add slides before and after -

hi i'm using ngfor create set of 3 slides while starting in middle i'm guaranteed able slide left or right on start. when slide right can simple listen reachedend , push slide array i'm looping. but have problem adding slide beginning. if same above , use e.g. array.unshift() or spread add item beginning, view think it's on position 0 , snaps view new slide. the code below work animates slide change index 1. slide = [0,1,2] //example loop slidechanged(event) { if(this.slides.isbeginning()){ this.slide = [this.slide[0]-1, ...this.slide]; this.slides.update(); this.slides.slideto(1) } } <ion-slides [initialslide]="1" (ionslidedidchange)="slidechanged($event)"> <ion-slide *ngfor="let item of slide"> <h1>slide {{item}}</h1> </ion-slide> </ion-slides> any appreciated! you can using ionslidenextend , ionslideprevend events slides . please...
Read more

Add a dynamic header in angular 2 http provider -

i have http interceptor built via tutorial https://scotch.io/@kashyapmukkamala/using-http-interceptor-with-angular2 the problem need have dynamic header changes automatically once changes 'mode' in app. service able tell interceptor change header, or have interceptor pull header (which string)from service each request. able throwing away patch method, call http.patch('new header string') set header string. call in service controls 'mode' setting. wondering if there way interceptor pull recent value service each request or if can add method http provider via interceptor? i've tried call service in interceptor each request returns undefined. because creating new instance of service or copying value before service fired , loaded/changed data. i don't want pass header string every http provider call because defeats purpose of having interceptor, id able set once changes or have provider fetch service before makes request. tl;dr : need add autom...
Read more

minify - Minimizing css files -

i want know how css files can minimized. currently, using external sites css minifier compress css files. however, after removing whitespaces, comments, etc, file sizes reduced 10-15%. how frameworks bootstrap manage make minimized versions kilobytes. as example, css is: body { background-color: #ff0; } the reduction goes 28 bytes 22 bytes other css files have lot more characters still smaller this. actually minifying code means it's remove thing code white space characters new line characters comments block delimiters it reduces amount of code has transferred on web , speed site load fastly.but unreadable format.
Read more